您的当前位置:首页正文

高中化学易错知识点

2024-04-16 来源:帮我找美食网

  1、氧化性:

  F2+H2===2HFF2+Xe(过量)===XeF22F2(过量)+Xe===XeF4

  nF2+2M===2MFn(表示大部分金属)2F2+2H2O===4HF+O2

  2F2+2NaOH===2NaF+OF2+H2OF2+2NaCl===2NaF+Cl2

  F2+2NaBr===2NaF+Br2F2+2NaI===2NaF+I2F2+Cl2(等体积)===2ClF

  3F2(过量)+Cl2===2ClF37F2(过量)+I2===2IF7

  Cl2+H2===2HCl3Cl2+2P===2PCl3Cl2+PCl3===PCl5

  Cl2+2Na===2NaCl3Cl2+2Fe===2FeCl3Cl2+2FeCl2===2FeCl3

  Cl2+Cu===CuCl22Cl2+2NaBr===2NaCl+Br2Cl2+2NaI===2NaCl+I2

  5Cl2+I2+6H2O===2HIO3+10HClCl2+Na2S===2NaCl+S

  Cl2+H2S===2HCl+SCl2+SO2+2H2O===H2SO4+2HClCl2+H2O2===2HCl+O2

  2O2+3Fe===Fe3O4O2+K===KO2

  S+H2===H2S2S+C===CS2S+Fe===FeSS+2Cu===Cu2S

  3S+2Al===Al2S3S+Zn===ZnS

  N2+3H2===2NH3N2+3Mg===Mg3N2N2+3Ca===Ca3N2

  N2+3Ba===Ba3N2N2+6Na===2Na3NN2+6K===2K3N

  N2+6Rb===2Rb3N

  P4+6H2===4PH3P+3Na===Na3P2P+3Zn===Zn3P2

  2、还原性

  S+O2===SO2S+H2SO4(浓)===3SO2+2H2O

  S+6HNO3(浓)===H2SO4+6NO2+2H2O3S+4HNO(稀)===3SO2+4NO+2H2O

  N2+O2===2NO

  4P+5O2===P4O10(常写成P2O5)2P+3X2===2PX3(X表示F2,Cl2,Br2)

  PX3+X2===PX5P4+20HNO3(浓)===4H3PO4+20NO2+4H2O

  C+2F2===CF4C+2Cl2===CCl42C+O2(少量)===2CO

  C+O2(足量)===CO2C+CO2===2COC+H2O===CO+H2(生成水煤气)

  2C+SiO2===Si+2CO(制得粗硅)

  Si(粗)+2Cl===SiCl4(SiCl4+2H2===Si(纯)+4HCl)Si(粉)+O2===SiO2

  Si+C===SiC(金刚砂)Si+2NaOH+H2O===Na2SiO3+2H2

  3、(碱中)歧化

  Cl2+H2O===HCl+HClO(加酸抑制歧化,加碱或光照促进歧化)

  Cl2+2NaOH===NaCl+NaClO+H2OCl2+2Ca(OH)2===CaCl2+Ca(ClO)2+2H2O

  3Cl2+6KOH(热,浓)===5KCl+KClO3+3H2O3S+6NaOH===2Na2S+Na2SO3+3H2O

  4P+3KOH(浓)+3H2O===PH3+3KH2PO2

  11P+15CuSO4+24H2O===5Cu3P+6H3PO4+15H2SO4

  3C+CaO===CaC2+CO3C+SiO2===SiC+2CO

因篇幅问题不能全部显示,请点此查看更多更全内容