（211翻译硕士英语）
Ⅰ. Multiple Choice (15 points,1 point each)
Choose the best one from the four choices given in each sentence and write the correct answer on your Answer Sheet.
1. The little girl was by the death of her dog since her affection for the pet had been real and deep.
A. grieved B. suppressed C. oppressed D. sustained
2. Parental love should include , and so the teenager who is truly loved will receive guidance. A. discipline B. acceptance C. allowance D. principal
3. Because of her health, it took her a long time to throw her bad cold. A. off B. away C. down D. over
4. It will be safer to walk in the streets because people will need to carry large amounts of cash; virtually all financial will be conducted by computer.
A. transactions B. transitions C. transmissions D. transformations
5. The 1982 Oil and Gas Act gives power to permit the disposal of assets held by the corporation, and the corporation's statutory monopoly in the supply of gas for fuel purposes so as to permit private companies to compete in this supply. A. decrease B. abate C. curtail D. dwindle
6. We are approaching the limit of the number of people the earth can support adequately and we should turn to birth control.
A. efficient B. vigorous C. military D. cooperative
7. As is known to all, a country gets a(n) from taxes. A. income B. revenue C. fund D. payment
8. He could the shadowy figure of a man standing among the trees. A. discover B. distinguish C. discern D. disguise
9. We are faced with the necessity to recognize that having more people implies a lower standard of living.
A. readily B. inevitably C. smoothly D. deliberately
10. The speaker attempted to explain it in such a way that it would be to an outsider. A. intelligible B. invariable C. plausible D. intrinsic
11. The proprietors sprawled on the counter reading the newspaper and yawning. Now and again a tram was heard along the lonely road outside. A. roaring B. screaming C. swishing D. howling
12. At first the company refused to purchase the equipment, but this decision was revised. A. subsequently B. successively C. predominantly D. preliminarily
13. The security men changed their usual and collected the money at a different time. A. route B. routine C. line D. means
14. During the ten thousand miles' journey across the desert, a great number of people dropped with
A. fatigue B. concession C. integrity D. corruption 15. Mary hopes to be from hospital next week. A. dismissed B. discharged C. expelled D. resigned
Ⅰ. Cloze (20 points,0.5point each)
Choose the best one from the four choices given in each sentence and write the correct answer on your Answer Sheet.
The weather has a lot to do with our life. For one thing, our crops 1 on it. They will 2 if it is too dry or too wet. So men have long hoped to find a way to get 3 of it. But their efforts have up to now produced little 4
Though it is true that 5 can change the weather nor can anybody 6 control it, we have learned many things about it from 7 and through study. We have found that certain signs 8 when there is going to be any big change in the weather. If we 9 the signs correctly, we can tell what the most important changes in the 10 will be. This way of telling what the weather will be like on the 11 day or two is called \"weather forecast\".
People in all countries have for many years 12 the weather and tried to make weather 13 . The following are some of their findings.
Sometimes the distant 14 such as hills and tall trees seems to be very clear and near. This is a sign of much water vapor, which shows that 15 will probably come.
When distant 16 such as the noise from far-off trains, are heard very clear, then wet and stormy weather is on the way.
If you see a rainbow during 17 weather, this is a sign that it will 18 and become fine. Such rainbows always come in the evening. However if a rainbow appears in the morning, then you can take it that rainy weather will come If the stars twinkled early at night, the fair weather will probably continue.
And then many people feel in their 19 the coming of wet weather. Their joints or their old wounds ache, which always tells 20 it is going to rain.
Most of the above savings have been made by people who have used their eyes and brains, and they have proved to be very useful in forecasting the weather. 1.A. depend B. send C. land D. take
2.A. Excite B. suffer C. surprise D. move 3.A. interest B. hold C. control D. all 4.A. money B. causes C. results D. crops 5.A. all B. anyone C. someone D. no one
6.A. completely B. hardly C difficultly D. easily 7.A. reports B. experience C. knowledge D. books 8.A. continue B. come C. appear D. go 9.A. look at B. tell C. read D. know 10.A. water B. cloud C. sky D. weather
11.A. special B. common C. following D. ordinary 12.A. studied B. read C. learned D. told
13.A. heard B. forecast C. known D. understood 14 A. wind B. clouds C. objects D. houses 15 A. moon B. star C. sun D. rain
16.A. objects B. sounds C. voices D. noise 17.A cloudy B. windy C. rainy D. sunny 18.A. fine B.be dark C. clear up D.be snowy 19.A. foot B. hand C. body D. bones 20A.them B.us C. read D. him.
III. Reading Comprehension (30 points,2 points each)
Read the following three passages, and choose the correct answer from the four choices given and then write it on the Answer Sheet.
(1)
Most of us are taught to pay attention to what is said-the words. Words do provide us with some information, but meanings are derived from so many other sources that it would hinder our effectiveness as a partner to a relationship to rely too heavily on words alone. Words are used to describe only a small part of the many ideas we associate with any given message. Sometimes we can gain insight into some of those associations if we listen for more than words. We don't always say what we mean or mean what we say. Sometimes our words don't mean anything except \"I'm letting off some steam. I don't really want you to pay close attention to what I'm saying. Just pay attention to what I'm feeling.\" Mostly we mean several things at once. A person wanting to purchase a house says to the current owner,\" This step has to be fixed before I'll buy.\" The owner says, \"It's been like that for years.\" Actually, the step hasn't been like that for years, but the unspoken message is:\" I don't want to fix it. We put up with it. Why can't you?\" The search for a more expansive view of meaning can be developed of examining a message in terms of who said it, when it occurred, the related conditions or situation, and how it was said.
When a message occurs can also reveal associated meaning. Let us assume two couples do exactly the same amount of kissing and arguing. But one couple always kisses after an argument and the other couple always argues after a kiss. The ordering of the behaviors may mean a great deal more than the frequency of the behavior. A friend's unusually docile behavior may only be understood by noting that it was preceded by situations that required an abnormal amount of assertiveness. Some responses may be directly linked to a developing pattern of responses and defy logic. For example, a person who says \"No!\" to a serials of charges like \"You' re dumb,\" \"You' re lazy,\" and \"You' re dishonest,\" may also say \"No!\" and try to justify his or her response if the next statement is \"And you' re good looking.\"
We would do well to listen for how messages are presented. The words, \"If sure has been nice to have you over,\" can be said with emphasis and excitement or ritualistically. The phrase can be said once or repeated several times. And the meanings we associate with the phrase will change accordingly. Sometimes if we say something infrequently it assumes more importance; sometimes the more we say something the less importance it assumes.
1. Effective communication is rendered possible between two conversing partners, if A. they use proper words to carry their ideas. B. they both speak truly of their own feelings.
C. they try to understand each other's ideas beyond words. D. they are capable of associating meaning with their words. 2.\"I'm letting off some steam\" in paragraph 1 means A. I'm just calling your attention.
B. I'm just kidding.
C. I'm just saying the opposite. D. I'm just giving off some sound.
3. The house-owner's example shows that he actually means A. the step has been like that for years.
B. he doesn't think it necessary to fix the step. C. the condition of the step is only a minor fault. D. the cost involved in the fixing should be shared.
4. Some responses and behaviors may appear very illogical, but are justifiable if A. linked to an abnormal amount of assertiveness. B. seen as one's habitual pattern of behavior. C. taken as part of an ordering sequence. D. expressed to a series of charges.
5. The word \"ritualistically\" in the last paragraph equals something done A. without true intention. B. light-heartedly.
C. in a way of ceremony. D. with less emphasis.
(2)
Racket, din clamor, noise, whatever you want to call it, unwanted sound is America's most widespread nuisance. But noise is more than just a nuisance. It constitutes a real and present danger to people's health. Day and night, at home, at work, and at play, noise can produce serious physical and psychological stress. No one is immune to this stress. Though we seem to adjust to noise by ignoring it, the ear, in fact, never closes and the body still responds-sometimes with extreme tension, as to a strange sound in the night.
The annoyance we feel when faced with noise is the most common outward symptom of the stress building up inside us. Indeed, because irritability is so apparent, legislators have made public annoyance the basis of many noise abatement programs. The more subtle and more serious health hazards associated with stress caused by noise traditionally have been given much less attention. Nevertheless, when we are annoyed or made irritable by noise, we should consider these symptoms fair warning that other thing may be happening to us, some of which may be damaging to our health.
Of many health hazards to noise, hearing loss is the most clearly observable and measurable by health professionals. The other hazards are harder to pin down. For many of us, there may be a risk that exposure to the stress of noise increases susceptibility to disease and infection. The more susceptible among us may experience noise as a complicating factor in heart problems and other diseases. Noise that causes annoyance and irritability in health persons may have serious consequences for these already ill in mind or body.
Noise affects us throughout our lives. For example, there are indications of effects on the unborn child when mothers are exposed to industrial and environmental noise. During infancy and childhood, youngsters exposed to high noise levels may have trouble falling asleep and obtaining necessary amounts of rest.
Why, then, is there not greater alarm about these dangers? Perhaps it is because the link between noise and many disabilities or diseases has not yet been conclusively demonstrated.
Perhaps it is because we tend to dismiss annoyance as a price to pay for living in the modern world. It may also be because we still think of hearing loss as only an occupational hazard. 1. In Paragraph 1, the phrase \"immune to\" are used to mean A. unaffected by B. hurt by
C. unlikely to be seen by D. unknown by
2. The author's attitude toward noise would best be described as. A. unrealistic B. traditional C. concerned D. hysterical
3. Which of the following best states the main idea of the passage? A. Noise is a major problem; most people recognize its importance. B. Although noise can be annoying, it is not a major problem.
C. Noise is a major problem and has not yet been recognized as such. D. Noise is a major problem about which nothing can be done. 4. The author condemns noise essentially because it A. is against the law
B. can make some people irritable C. is a nuisance
D. in a ganger to people's health
5. The author would probably consider research about the effects noise has on people to be A. unimportant B. impossible.
C. a waste of money D. essential
(3)
What we know of prenatal development makes all this attempt made by a mother to mold the character of her unborn child by studying poetry, art, or mathematics during pregnancy seem utterly impossible. How could such extremely complex influences pass from the mother to the child? There is no connection between their nervous systems. Even the blood vessels of mother and child do not join directly. An emotional shock to the mother will affect her child, because it changes the activity of her glands and so the chemistry her blood. Any chemical change in the mother's blood will affect the child for better or worse. But we can not see how a looking for mathematics or poetic genius can be dissolved in blood and produce a similar liking or genius in the child.
In our discussion of instincts we saw that there was reason to believe that whatever we inherit must be of some very simple sort rather than any complicated or very definite kind of behavior. It is certain that no one inherits a knowledge of mathematics. It may be, however, that children inherit more or less of a rather general ability that we may call intelligence. If very intelligent children become deeply interested in mathematics, they will probably make a success of that study.
As for musical ability, it may be that what is inherited is an especially sensitive ear, a peculiar structure of the hands or the vocal organs connections between nerves and muscles that make it
comparatively easy to learn the movements a musician must execute, and particularly vigorous emotions. If these factors are all organized around music, the child may become a musician. The same factors, in other circumstance might be organized about some other center of interest. The rich emotional equipment might find expression in poetry. The capable fingers might develop skill in surgery. It is not the knowledge of music that is inherited, then nor even the love of it, but a certain bodily structure that makes it comparatively easy to acquire musical knowledge and skill. Whether that ability shall be directed toward music or some other undertaking may be decided entirely by forces in the environment in which a child grows up. 1. Which of the following statements is not true?
A. Some mothers try to influence their unborn children by studying art and other subjects during their pregnancy.
B. It is utterly impossible for us to learn anything about prenatal development. C. The blood vessels of mother and child do not join directly.
D. There are no connection between mother's nervous systems and her unborn child's. 2. A mother will affect her unborn baby on the condition that A. she is emotionally shocked
B. she has a good knowledge of inheritance C. she takes part in all kind of activities D. she sticks to studying
3. According to the passage, a child may inherit A. everything from his mother B. a knowledge of mathematics
C. a rather general ability that we call intelligence D. her mother's musical ability
4. If a child inherits something from his mother, such as an especially sensitive ear, a peculiar structure of the hands or of the vocal organs, he will A. surely become musician B. mostly become a poet C. possibly become a teacher
D. become a musician on the condition that all these factors are organized around music 5.Which of the following is the best title for the passage？ A. Role of Inheritance. B. An Unborn Child. C. Function of instincts. D. Inherited Talents
Ⅰ. text translation（25points）
1.Translate the following text into English（15points）
和平、发展与合作成为当今时代的潮流。中国应顺应世界发展的趋势，加大对外开放，抓住经济全球化带来的历史性机遇，主动融入全球分工体系，在不断扩大对外开放的过程中实现中国与世界各国的共同发展。尽管中国对外开放取得重大进展，但仍然存在结构不优化、体制不完善、发展不可持续等矛盾和问题，与适应错综复杂外部环境变化、推进社会主义现代化建设的要求相比，还有不小差距。唯有贯彻新发展理念，巩固成绩、总结经验，推动新一轮全方位高水平对外开放，形成全面开放新格局，才能赢得主动、赢得未来，才能为建设
现代化经济体系提供有力支撑。
2. Translate the following text into Chinese(15points)
The improvement and the growth of China-U.S. relations have not come by easily. It is the result of the concerted efforts of the governments and people of our two countries. So we should all the more treasure this good result. As China and the United States have different social systems, ideologies, values, and cultural traditions, we have some difference of views on certain issues. However, they should not become the obstacles in the way of the growth of China-U.S. relations. The world is colorful and diversified. The development path of the countries in the world should be chosen by the people of the countries concerned.
Ⅰ. Writing(20points)
Write an essay of about 250 words based on the following topic on the Answer Sheet.
ls it to be better to be the only child in one family or to have brothers or sisters?
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