分子生物学练习题

Chromotasome: 染色小体 Chromomere: 染色粒 Chromosome: 染色体 Chromosome Nucleosome

Overlapping gene Split gene Gene family Satellites DNA Pseudogene

Melting temperature Gene superfamily Monocistron .Polycistron Genome

Chromosome Nucleosome

Overlapping gene Split gene Gene family Pseudogene

Melting temperature Gene superfamily Replication

Semi-conservative replication Okazaki fragment

12. Semi-discontinuous replication 13. DNA repair

14. DNA recombination 15. DNA transposition 16. Transposon 17. Replicon 18. Monocistron 19. Polycistron 20. Replisome

21. Retrotransposon

Q1: Please write down the corresponding names (English only) of the following bases, and indicate (1) those can base pair, (2) the hydrogen bond donor atom and receptor atom, (3) the atom that is linked to ribose to form the glycosidic bond of the ribonucleoside or ribonucleotides.

B (R=H) C (R=CH

Q2: Which of them can only been found in RNA? Which are in both DNA and RNA

Q2: How could you quantitate nucleic acids?

Q3: Prokaryotic cell E. coli consists of a single closed-circular DNA molecule of 4.6 x 106 bp long. This DNA molecule would be 1.6 mm if the double helix is relaxed. Please describe what strategies does E. coli use to pack such a long molecules into its nucleoid less than a micrometer (mm) in diameter.

Q4: Nucleosome is the basic unit of chromatin structure, please describe the structure/composition of nucleosome

问答题

1、真核生物基因组中的DNA重复序列主要有哪些类型？简要说明基因组重复序列可能的生物学意义以及基因组重复序列在分子标记研究中的应用。 2、试述保证DNA复制精确性的机理。 3、什么是DNA双螺旋结构？

4、比较原核生物、真核生物及病毒基因组之间的异同。

5、两个等长的DNA片段，一个GC含量为70%，一个GC含量为30%，哪个TM值高？为什么？

6、说说DNA损伤与DNA突变之间的区别和相互关系。

7、原核生物与真核生物存在哪些类型的转座子？转座机理有哪些？ 8、转座有哪些遗传学效应？

1. What is replicon? How many origins and termini shall a replicon contain?

2. What is semi-conservative replication?

3. Please list at least three main difference between bacterial DNA replication and eukaryotic DNA replication.

4. Please define the term “mutation”, and list the major types of DNA mutations and their corresponding phenotypic effects.

5. Please define the term “DNA lesion”. Please list the three types of DNA lesions and the chemical or physical mutagens cause these lesions.

6. Will all the DNA lesions result in mutations? Why and How?

7. What are the three main DNA recombination technologies that the cells can apply to change their genetic materials?

8. How is the high fidelity of DNA replication ensured? 9. Suppose that you would like to introduce mutations in E. coli genome. What would happen in cells if you use low dose of UV light? How about high dose? How about using base anolog 5-BrU? What kinds of mutations are you expected with each of the above mutagenesis?